Code Definition: P0520 - Engine Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch Circuit
The P0520 code is a generic trouble code that indicates a problem with the engine oil pressure sensor/switch circuit. The engine oil pressure sensor is responsible for monitoring the oil pressure in the engine and sending this information to the engine control module (ECM). The ECM uses this information to regulate various engine functions, such as fuel injection and ignition timing.
When the oil pressure sensor fails or sends incorrect signals to the ECM, it can trigger the P0520 code. This code can also be caused by wiring problems or software glitches.
Possible Causes:
- Faulty engine oil pressure sensor
- Damaged or worn wiring harness in the oil pressure sensor circuit
- Software glitch in the ECM or powertrain control module (PCM)
- Low engine oil level or dirty oil
- Clogged oil filter or oil pump
Symptoms:
- Illuminated check engine light
- Reduced engine performance
- Increased fuel consumption
- Abnormal oil consumption
- Noise or vibrations from the engine
Diagnostic Procedure:
- Scan the vehicle for any other codes that may be present. If there are no other codes, proceed to step 2.
- Check the engine oil level and condition. Add oil if necessary and replace the oil filter if it's clogged or dirty.
- Inspect the wiring harness and connectors in the oil pressure sensor circuit for any signs of damage or wear. Make sure all connections are secure and free from corrosion.
- Use a multimeter to test the oil pressure sensor for proper resistance and voltage output. Compare these values to the manufacturer's specifications to determine if the sensor is functioning properly.
- If the oil pressure sensor appears to be faulty, replace it with a new one. Be sure to use the correct replacement part number for your specific vehicle make and model.
- If the oil pressure sensor checks out okay, suspect a software glitch in the ECM or PCM. Consider reflashing the software or updating the calibration data.
- If the issue persists, inspect the oil pump and oil filter for any signs of failure. Replace them if necessary.
- Double-check the engine compartment for any signs of leaks or other issues that could be affecting the oil pressure.
- Clear the code and test drive the vehicle to ensure the problem has been resolved. If the code returns, further troubleshooting may be required to identify the root cause of the issue.
Repair Information:
- Replace the faulty engine oil pressure sensor with a new one.
- Repair or replace any damaged wiring or connectors in the oil pressure sensor circuit.
- Update the software in the ECM or PCM to address any glitches or bugs.
- Replace the oil pump or oil filter if necessary.
- Address any underlying issues that may be affecting the oil pressure, such as leaks or engine mechanical failures.